Ruzivo rwese rwemachira emucheka uye kuzivikanwa kwemachira akajairwa

Textile jirainyanzvi yekuranga. Semutengi wefashoni, kunyangwe isu tisingade kugona ruzivo rwemachira sehunyanzvi sehunyanzvi hwemachira, vanofanirwa kuve neruzivo rwakati rwemachira uye vakwanise kuona machira akajairika, kunzwisisa zvakanakira nekuipira kwemachira aya uye masitayera anoshanda.

1. Main machira ruzivo

(1) Kuumbwa kwemucheka: Kuumbwa kwemucheka, zvinosanganisira zvinhu, kunzwa kwemaoko, nezvimwewo, zvinotarisa kuti zvakawanda zvemachira ndezvemukati izvo vatengi vanofanira kunzwisisa kana vachitenga zvigadzirwa, saka zvakakosha zvikuru.

(2) Nursing maitiro: machira ekuchengetedza anosanganisira kuwacha, kugadzirisa, nezvimwewo, izvo zvirimo izvo vashandisi vekupedzisira vanozonyanya kunetseka nazvo. Dzimwe nguva vatengi vanorega kutenga chigadzirwa nekuti kutarisira kwakanyanya kuoma.

(3) Micheka nezvipfeko: Nekuda kwemhando dzakasiyana dzekuruka uye nzira dzekuruka, machira emachira embatya ane zvikamu zviviri zvinotevera:

① Mucheka: nemapoka maviri kana anopfuura eshinda kune mumwe kune imwe kona yekurudyi, shinda longitudinal inonzi warp, shinda inochinjika kumashure neshure inonzi weft. Nekuda kwekuti shinda yejira inopindirana nenzira yakatwasuka, dunhu rine yakasimba, yakatsiga, uye yakaderera shrinkage rate.

② Yakarukwa chinhu: chimiro chemhete yeshinda inoumba mhete yetsono, iyo nyowani yetsono mhete kuburikidza neyakapfuura tsono mhete, saka inodzokororwa, ndiko kuti, kuumbwa kwechinhu chinoruka.

(4) Mamiriro ekugadzira machira: Aya anotevera ndiwo matatu akanyanya ekutanga matishu emucheka, anozivikanwawo seyakakosha sangano. Mamwe masangano ese anobva kushandurudzo nhatu idzi dzesangano.

① Flat sangano: iyo warp yejira rakatsetseka rejira rinoyangarara uye weft. Hunhu hwekurongeka kwakadzikama ndehwekuti kutaridzika kwemativi ese ari maviri ejira kwakafanana, uye kumusoro kwakapfava, saka inonzi flat organization. Mamiriro emucheka wakajeka akasimba, kukanganisa kwaro ndiko kunzwa kwakaoma, muenzaniso unonyadzisa.

② Twill tissue: iyo matishu point ye twill tissue inoramba ichirereka pateni. Hunhu hwema twill tissue mucheka ndewekuti jira racho rine musiyano wepamberi neasina kunaka, iro rakasimba uye gobvu kupfuura jira rakatsetseka, rine kupenya kuri nani uye kunzwa kwakapfava. Zvisinei, pasi pemamiriro ehupamhi hwakafanana uye kusimba kwewarp ft, kusimba kwayo kuduku kudarika kwejira rakatsetseka.

③ Satin sangano: Satin sangano ndiro rakanyanya kuoma pane matatu ekutanga matishu. Hunhu hwesatin tishu ndeichi: jira remachira rakatsetseka, rizere nekupenya, magadzirirwo akapfava, asi kana achienzaniswa nejira rakatsetseka, jira rematwill, nyore kune kunze kukweshera uye bvudzi, uye kunyangwe kukuvara. Sangano rezviyo rinonyanya kushandiswa kune zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira zvipfeko.

(5) Huremu hwemucheka: -kazhinji nehuremu hwegiramu paskweya mita, zvinoreva huremu hwejira, kuratidza ukobvu hwemachira index. Somutengi anofanira kunzwisisa zvakajairika uremu chitubu uye zhizha zvakajairika machira (kunyanya dzakarukwa machira) uye zvakajairika uremu kwematsutso uye yechando kwakajairika machira.

2. Kurongeka kwemachira emucheka

Textile fiber inonyanya kukamurwa kuita faibha yechisikigo uye kemikari fiber.

(1) Famba dzechisikigo: zvinoreva machira anowanikwa kubva muzvirimwa kana mhuka. Iine michero yemiti (donje, hemp) uye mhuka dzemhuka (bvudzi, silika).

(2) Chemical faibha: inonyanya kukamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu zvinotevera:

① Fiber yakadzokororwa: fiber yakagadzirwa kubva kune yakasikwa cellulose fiber. Rayon, rayon uye faux bvudzi rinogadzirwa nemaitiro aya.

② Synthetic fiber: inowanzoshandiswa polyester, acrylic, nylon, polypropylene, chlorine fiber ndeyechikamu ichi.

③ Inorganic faibha: silicate faibha, simbi faibha dzinonzi ndedzechikamu ichi,

3. Manzwiro akajairika emachira akajairika

Izvi zvinotevera zvakakosha uye zvisingabatsiri zvemachira anowanzoshandiswa uye nzira dzekuziva.

(1) Donje:

① zvinhu zvikuru:

a. Kutora mwando kwakasimba.

b. Mucheka wedonje hauna kugadzikana kune inorganic acids.

c. Kuratidzwa kwenguva yakareba kuchiedza chezuva uye mhepo, jira rekotoni rinogona kutamba inononoka oxidation mhedzisiro, kuderera kwakasimba.

d. Microorganisms, mold uye mamwe machira ekotoni.

② mukana mukuru:

A, jira repamusoro rine kupenya kwakapfava uye kunzwa kwakapfava.

(5) Fabric giremu uremu (Fabric huremu): -kazhinji nehuremu hwegiramu paskweya mita, zvinoreva huremu hwemamita mativi emachira, ndiko kuratidza ukobvu hwemachira index. Somutengi anofanira kunzwisisa zvakajairika uremu chitubu uye zhizha zvakajairika machira (kunyanya dzakarukwa machira) uye zvakajairika uremu kwematsutso uye yechando kwakajairika machira.

2. Kurongeka kwemachira emucheka

Textile fiber inonyanya kukamurwa kuita faibha yechisikigo uye kemikari fiber.

(1) Famba dzechisikigo: zvinoreva machira anowanikwa kubva muzvirimwa kana mhuka. Iine michero yemiti (donje, hemp) uye mhuka dzemhuka (bvudzi, silika).

(2) Chemical faibha: inonyanya kukamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu zvinotevera:

① Fiber yakadzokororwa: fiber yakagadzirwa kubva kune yakasikwa cellulose fiber. Rayon, rayon uye faux bvudzi rinogadzirwa nemaitiro aya.

② Synthetic fiber: inowanzoshandiswa polyester, acrylic, nylon, polypropylene, chlorine fiber ndeyechikamu ichi.

③ Inorganic faibha: silicate faibha, simbi faibha dzinonzi ndedzechikamu ichi,

3. Manzwiro akajairika emachira akajairika

Izvi zvinotevera zvakakosha uye zvisingabatsiri zvemachira anowanzoshandiswa uye nzira dzekuziva.

(1) Donje:

① zvinhu zvikuru:

a. Kutora mwando kwakasimba.

b. Mucheka wedonje hauna kugadzikana kune inorganic acids.

c. Kuratidzwa kwenguva yakareba kuchiedza chezuva uye mhepo, jira rekotoni rinogona kutamba inononoka oxidation mhedzisiro, kuderera kwakasimba.

d. Microorganisms, mold uye mamwe machira ekotoni.

② mukana mukuru:

A, jira repamusoro rine kupenya kwakapfava uye kunzwa kwakapfava.

f. High tembiricha inodzivirira, inogona kushandiswa kune yakakwira tembiricha ironing.

⑥ Zvikamu zvakasanganiswa:

a. Scoy cotton: jira repamusoro rinopenya rakapfava uye rinopenya, rakajeka ruvara, rakatsetseka uye rakatsetseka, rakapfava kunzwa, kuderera kwekusagadzikana. Mushure mekupinza jira neruoko, iyo yakajeka crease inogona kuonekwa, uye crease haisi nyore kunyangarika.

B, polyester donje: kupenya kunopenya kupfuura jira redonje rakachena, jira rakatsetseka pamusoro, rakachena pasina shinda musoro kana tsvina. Inzwa yakatsetseka, yakatsetseka kupfuura jira redonje. Mushure mekupinza jira, crease haisi pachena, uye nyore kudzorera mamiriro ekutanga.