Kudyira uye Kupedzisa Maitiro (1)

Iko kusarudzwa kwekunyepedzera uye kupedzisa maitiro kunonyanya kuve kwakavakirwa pane dzakasiyana siyana, dzakatumidzwa uye dzakapedza zvigadzirwa zvinodiwa zvemucheka, izvo zvinogona kukamurwa kuita pre-kurapa.Dyeing, kudhinda, post-kupedzisa uye zvichingodaro.

Pre-kurapwa

Mota dzechisikigo dzine rusununguko, mune yekugadzirisa machira uye wedzera iyo slarry, mafuta uye kusvibiswa kwezvinhu izvi, kusatadzisa kufambira mberi kwekunyepedzera uye nekupedza kugadziriswa, asi zvakare kukanganisa kupfeka kwekupfeka kwemucheka.

Chinangwa chePre-kurapwa ndechekushandisa makemikari uye emuviri chiito chekubvisa tsvina, ita kuti machira chena, uye uve nekunyorova, uye kupa zvigadzirwa zveSemi-kuyamwisa, kudhinda uye kupedzisa.

Machira. Polyester: Cloth gadziriro, yakanatswa (mvura Alkali, nezvimwewo), kurangarira, kuchengetedza, alkali deweighting (Liquid Alkali, nezvimwewo).

Simbeing

Kazhinji, mushure mekupinda kiripisi yekudhinda kubva kuChinyorwa cheChinyorwa, jira reGrey rinofanira kutanga kuongororwa, rakatendeuka, richikwira, richidhinda uye nekumhanyisa.

Zvikonzero:

(1) pane jira kwete kuimba pasi zvakawandisa, urefu hwakasiyana;

(2) mwero wekupedzisa hauna kurombo, kusvibiswa kuri nyore;

.

Simbeing Chinangwa:

(1) Kuvandudza machira kusimba; Kuvandudza kupera;

(2) kuvandudza piritsi kuramba (kunyanya machira emakemikari);

(3) Kuvandudza chimiro, kuimba kunogona kuita kuti machira anova crisp, yaive pfupa.

Kuda

Mukutora kwemaoko, iyo warp inoiswa pasi pekunetsana uye kupokana, zviri nyore kuputsa. Kuti uderedze warp kutyora, kuvandudza kusakwana uye grey machira emhando, zvinodikanwa kuti ubatise kuridza rwiyo rarn usati warara. Iyo fiber mune yedura raibata uye inobata pamwe chete, uye inoumba iyo yakasimba firimu pamusoro peiyo yarn, ichiita kuti yarn ive yakasimba uye nekukasira, nekudaro ichivandudza kuputsa simba uye kupfeka rarn.

Kuda chinangwa: Mushure mekuremerwa, iyo slurry inopinda mumarara uye chikamu chinonamatira pamusoro pehondo. Ndichiri kuvandudza mashandiro eiyo yarn, iyo slurry inosvibisa yekudyira uye kupedza kuora kwemvura, kutadzisa kutaurirana kwemakemikari uye kuchema uye makemikari zvinhu, uye zvinoita kuti zviome kuita dhayi uye kupedzisa kugadzirisa.

(1) Nhanganyaya yekuwanzoshandiswa slurry

STOURMS SLARMY: Starch, Seaweed Gum, Gamu, nezvimwe.

Starch Properties:

① Panyaya yeAcid Kuora;

② Panyaya yeAlkali kugadzikana, kuzvimba;

Pakadaro veOfuria vanogona kuora;

♦ neiyo starch yekuita enzyme kuora.

Chemical Slurry: Cellulose Derivatives akadai seHydroxyMethylcellose (CMC), polyvinyl doro (PVA), Polwandacrylic acid, polyester, nezvimwe.

PVA Zvivakwa:

① Yakatsiga kuAcid uye Base, viscosity haina kuderedza;

② Izvo zvakasvibiswa ne oxidant.;

③ Kubvumirana kwakakura, kuenderana kwakanaka, hapana kusanganisa maitiro

(2) inowanzoshandiswa kuda nzira

1. Alkaline kusada

Imwe yenzira dzakanyanyisa kushandiswa munzvimbo dzekunyepedzera, asi huwandu hwakashama hachizi hwakakwirira, uye humwe husina tsvina hunogona kubviswa uchishuvira.

Mechanism: Iko kushandiswa kweSodium Hydroxide Dilutyo Solution Kurapa, Starch Specal Kuzvimba (kana Kuzvimba Kwemakemikari, kuderedza Simba pakati peFiber uye Slurry For peva uye polwacrylate slurries, inokwanisa kudzimira sodium hydroxide mumhinduro dzeDilute.

(starch) enzyme kushayiwa

Enzymes inonziwo enzymes, biocatalystab.

Zvimiro: Yakakwirira Kuda Rate, kwete kukuvara fiber, chete kumarara, haigoni kubvisa tsvina.

Maficha: a. Kunyatsobudirira. b. Rondedzero: Iyo enzyme inogona kutadzisa imwe chete maitiro kana kunyange zvakafanana maitiro. c. Chiitiko ichi chinokanganiswa nekushisa uye pH kukosha.

Zvekumisa sturries kana starch yakasanganiswa slurries (Starch Zvinotyisa), Amylase inogona kushandiswa kuti ishuve.

Acid kushuvira

Kunyorera imba haisi yakawanda, nekuti kushandiswa kuri nyore kukuvadza iyo fiber, yakasanganiswa nedzimwe nzira. Iyo nzira mbiri-nhanho inotorwa: Alkali ashing - acid ishees. Acid oder inogona kugadzira starch hydrolyze, bvisa mineral munyu uye zvichingodaro, uye gadzirira mumwe nemumwe ..

Oxidation inoshingairira

Oxidizing Agent: Nabro2 (Sodium Bromite) H2O2, NA2S2O8, (NH4) 2s2o8, nezvimwewo

Nheyo: Iyo oxidizing mumiririri anogona oxidize uye kusvibisa marudzi ese emhando, kuremerwa kwakawanda kwakawedzerwa, uye solurry inodzivirirwa kuchiitiko, uye ipapo hydrolyzate inobviswa nekushambidza zvakanaka.

(1) kubira

Chinangwa chekubikwa ndechekubvisa fiber kusvibiswa uye kugadzirisa maitiro ekugadzirisa emucheka, kunyanya kunyorova.

Kusvibiswa kwechisikirwo: Kune yakachena machira emakoroni, zvisikwa zvechisimba kana zvisikwa zvakabatana, kusanganisira mafuta, pretin, protein, ash, pigment uye magiramu uye machira echipfuva.

Kusvibiswa kwekunyepedzera: kusachena senge mafuta, antistatic mumiririri uye mafuta, ngura uye akasara akasara akawedzera mukugadzirisa uye kurira.

Izvi zvinosvibiswa zvine chekuita zvakanyanya nemucheka wemucheka uye kupedza dhayeti uye nekupedza kwemucheka, uye unofanirwa kubviswa muhurongwa hwekuita nesodium hydroxide seinhwanda uye surfactialary.

(2) kusviba

Mushure mekubika, yakawanda yeiyo yakasikwa uye yekuzvidzora kusvibiswa panemachiravanobviswa, asi nekuda kwemachira akasarudzika uye akajeka-mavara, kusviba kunodiwawo. Ndiko kubvisa pigment, kuvandudza kuchena sechinangwa chikuru chekugadzirisa.

Chemical Fiber haina pigment, mushure mekunge kubikwa kwave kuchena kwazvo, uye machira emakotoni mushure mekuputika pigment ichiripo, kuchena kwakashata, saka kusviba kunonyanya kuve kune zvakasikwa zvakasikwa pane cotton fiber.

(3) bleach

Oxidation Type: Sodium Hypochlorite, Hydrogen Peroxide uye Sodium Chlorite, etc., inonyanya kushandiswa mune machira ekotoni uye machira akasanganiswa.

Yakaderedzwa: nahso3 neinishuwarenzi poda, nezvimwe, inonyanya kushandiswa protein fiber firti.

(4) Sodium hypochlorite kubuda:

Sodium hypochlorite yakashandiswa zvakanyanya pakubatanidza machira emakotoni uye machira akasanganiswa nemachira, uye dzimwe nguva anoshandiswawo pakubatanidza polyester cotton akasanganiswa machira. Nekudaro, hazvigone kushandiswa kune mapuroteni mapuroteni senge silika uye makushe, nekuti sodium hypochlorite ine chinokuvadza pane protein fibers, uye inoita kuti mbizi dziwedzerwe nekukuvara. Mukuita kwakasarudzika, kuwedzera pakuparadza kwenyama, iyo machira pachayo inogona kukuvadzwawo, saka, zvakafanira kudzora mamiriro ekujekesa maitiro, kuitira kuti chimiro chemhando uye zvemukati zvinokodzera.

Sodium hypochlorce iri nyore kugadzirwa, mutengo wakaderera, sodium hypochlorite application iri nyore, asi sodium hypochlorite yakasviba yakashata yekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza, saka zvishoma nezvishoma ichitsiviwa neHydrogen Peroxide.

(5) hydrogen peroxide bleaching H2O2:

Hydrogen peroxide, inozivikanwawo se hydrogen peroxide, ine iyo molecular formula h2o2. Hydrogen peroxide bluaching inonzi okisijeni yakasviba. Kugadzikana kweHydrogen Peroxide Solution iri murombo kwazvo pasi peAlkaline mamiriro. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kutengeserana hydrogen peroxide haina kusimba acidic.

Machira akasungwa neHydrogen Peroxide ane chero machena machena, ruvara rwakachena, uye harisi nyore kune yellowing kana ichichengetwa. Iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumucheka wekotoni cotton. Blaching okisijeni ine shanduko yakakura kupfuura chlorine bleaching, asi hydrogen peroxide yakakwira mutengo wemutengo, uye kusarudzika kwesimba kwakakura kwazvo, mutengo wakakwira kupfuura chlorine bleaching.

Parizvino, iyo yakavhurika-yakajeka steam yekubatanidza nzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukudhinda uye mafekitori ekudonha. Iyi nzira ine mwero wakakwira wekuenderera, automation uye zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira, zvakareruka maitiro uye hazvisi zvekusvibiswa zvakatipoteredza.

5. Yakatemwa (machira emachira)

Zvinyorwa pasi peimwe nyika yekunetsana, nerubatsiro rwezvakaomeswa caustic soda, uye chengetedza saizi inodiwa, inogona kuwana silky luster, maitiro aya anonzi munyengeri.

(1) Chinangwa chekuenderana:

A.RPPPROVS YEMAHARA YEMAHARA uye kunzwa yemucheka, nekuda kwekuzvimba kweiyo fiber, iyo gadziriro yeFiber yakarongeka zvakanyanya, uye kuratidzwa kwechiedza kwakawedzera, nekudaro kunovandudza gloss.
B.Increase chiyero cheruvara rwechiremba mushure mekupedza, maFiber nzvimbo yekuwedzera, uye madhiri anokwana
C.to kugadzirisa dhizimusi rakanyatso kugadzikana kuve nekuparadza maitiro ekupedzisira, kunogona kubvisa tambo yehuku, zvimwe zvinogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekudhinda nekudhinda hafu-nehafu zvigadzirwa. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti mushure mekunetsekana, kusimba kwekuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwakagadziridzwa kwazvo, nekudaro kuderedza zvakanyanya kuderera kwemucheka.

6. Kunatsa, pre-kuderera (makemikari fiber machira)

Chinangwa chekunatswa pre-shraining inonyanya kubvisa mafuta, slirry uye tsvina) panguva yekuchengetera uye kufambisa, uye vamwe vakasvibiswa, vamwe vaFiler vanogona zvakare kunyungudika mukudziya kwakanyanya. Iyo jira jena rinofanira kunge risati rasvika pamberi pehuwandu hweAlkali, uye zvinowedzera zvakaita seolein uye caustic soda inofanira kunyatsowedzerwa. Kufungisisa kwemakemikari fiber fabric kunoitwa mukudziya kwakanyanya uye yakanyanya kudzvinyirira yekudzvinyirira muchina.

7.Kalkoli kuderedza (makemikari fiber machira)

(1) Nheyo uye mhedzisiro yealkali kuderedza

Alkali kuderedza kurapwa ndiyo maitiro ekurapa polyester mucheka mukushisa kwakanyanya uye akasvinuka nekupisa pfuti. Polyester fiber iri hydrolyzed uye yakatsemurwa neyester chisungo chePolyter molecular Official Solution, uye pakupedzisira magetsi ekunyaradza, uye anodzvinyirira mvura sodium terephthalate uye ethylene glycol anoumbwa. Alkali kuderedza zvishandiso zvinonyanya kusanganisira kuyerera kuchina, kuenderera mberi kuderedza muchina, kupindirana kunodzora muchina mitatu marudzi, kunze kwekunaka kwemuchina wekunyepedzera; Kuenderera mberi uye kwepakati kuderedza michina inogona kudzoreredza iyo yakasara lye. Kuti uve nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwekutaridzika kwechimiro uye saizi yejira regrey kune zvimwe zvigadzirwa zveAlkali